1. Describe the three models of biblical inspiration with special reference to the model of the
individual author, the community and the written text.

Bibliography: BASTA P., L’introduzione alla Sacra Scrittura nel dibattito teologico
contemporaneo (Manuali Teologia. Strumenti di studio e ricerca 67), Urbaniana University
Press, Città del Vaticano 2023; BASTA P., Il carattere relazionale dell’ispirazione biblica
(Manuali Teologia. Strumenti di studio e ricerca 51), Urbaniana University Press, Città del
Vaticano 2017; WENHAM G.J.- MOTYER J.A.-CARSON D.A.-FRANCE R.T., New Bible
Commentary. 21th Century Edition, Leicester, England – Downers Grove, ILL., USA 1994).

2. Describe the four models of relationship between the two Testaments (conflictual,
typological/allegorical, promise/fulfillment, historical/salvific) with particular reference to
the authors who have dealt with them from patristics to the present day.

Bibliography: GRILLI M., Quale rapporto tra i due Testamenti? Riflessione critica sui
modelli ermeneutici classici concernenti l’unità delle Scritture, EDB, Bologna 2007;
BRUEGGEMANN W., Theology of the Old Testament. Testimony, Dispute, Advocacy, Fortress
Press, Minneapolis 2012; VON RAD G., Teologia dell’Antico Testamento I. Teologia delle
tradizioni storiche. II. Teologia delle tradizioni profetiche, Paideia, Brescia 2000).

3. The meaning of “biblical canon”, its history and the diversity of the biblical canon in Judaism
and in the various Christian communities. The inspiration and the history of its understanding,
starting from the biblical, patristic and Official Teaching of the Church, up to the document
of the Pontifical Biblical Commission of 2014: “Inspiration and Truth of Sacred Scripture”.
Definition of fable, myth, etiology, legend, historiography. The dissonant calculations in
biblical chronology, e.g.: the textual differences in the genealogies on the age of the
antediluvian patriarchs, on the years of stay of the Jews in Egypt, the variation of the laws
regarding the age necessary to serve as a Levite.

Bibliography: Enchiridion biblicum. Documenti della Chiesa sulla Sacra Scrittura. Edizione
bilingue, a cura di FILIPPI A.-LORA E., tradotto da Bittasi S.- Ravaglia L., terza edizione
bilingue, EDB, Bologna 2004; FISCHER G., a cura di Paganini S., Conoscere la Bibbia. Una
guida all’interpretazione, EDB, Bologna 2013; MCDONALD L.M., The Biblical Canon: Its
Origin, Transmission, and Authority, Hendrickson Publishers, Peabody (MA) 2007.

4. Origin of the expression “Historical and legal books”. Biography of Moses according to the
data of the Torah and according to extra-biblical sources. The question of the Mosaic
authorship of the first five books of the Bible: the data that can be deduced from the Torah,
from the positions of Judaism in its various declinations (from the Talmud to Baruch Spinoza
up to today) to try to trace a profile of the development of the text of the Torah. Birth and
decline of the so-called “documentary hypothesis, or the four sources JEDP”. Rewriting
history: the question of the Deuteronomist. Reference to some texts of the Ancient Near East
vis-à-vis the contents of the Torah.

Bibliography: J BADEN J.S., The composition of the Pentateuch: renewing the documentary
hypothesis, Yale University Press, New Haven-London 2012; BORGONOVO G. (e
collaboratori), Torah e storiografie dell’Antico Testamento, Elledici, Torino 2012; RÖMER T.
(éd.), La construction de la figure de Moïse = The construction of the figure of Moses,
Gabalda, Paris 2007.

5. The intertwining of the various literary genres and legislative texts that regulate both the civil
and religious aspects of the life of individual members and of the community of the people of
God: the Decalogue, the Covenant Code, the Code of Holiness. Ceremonial or priestly laws.
The sacredness of life, the protection of creation, the value of the family, family safety nets,
the right to inherit, mainly the prerogative of the male but also of the female. “The fate” of
the childless widow. The issue of violence both within the community of the people of God
and that directed against other peoples. Sanctions against the crime of murder. Meaning of the
laws of extermination.

Bibliography: DE FELICE L.M., L’Antico Testamento e le sue istituzioni, Cittadella Editrice,
Assisi 2024; RÖMER T. (ed. tra. Garrone D.), Dal Deuteronomio ai libri dei Re. Introduzione
storica, letteraria e sociologica, Claudiana, Torino 2007.

6. The Bible contains a series of books that, despite their literary and theological diversity, share
a didactic intent. Here, attention is paid particularly to the wisdoms books (Pr, Gb, Eccles,
Sir, Wis), for its humanistic character, aimed at the education of young people. The student is
required to provide a summary of the Wisdom literature: characteristics, relationship with the
wisdom of the Ancient Near East, vocabulary and meaning of the Mashal. For each book,
present: author, date, structure, themes and theology. Finally, analyze the figure of the Woman
Wisdom.

Bibliography: MAZZINGHI L., Il Pentateuco Sapienziale: Proverbi, Giobbe, Qohelet,
Siracide, Sapienza- Caratteristiche letterarie e temi Teologici, EDB, Bologna 2012; GILBERT
M., Les cinq Livres des Sages : Proverbes de Salomon, Le Livre de Job, Qohélet ou
l’Ecclésiaste, le livre de Ben Sira, la Sagesse de Salomon, Cerf, Paris 2003 ; WEEKS S., An
Introduction to the Study of Wisdom Literature, T & Clark international, London-New York
2010.

7. Describe the historical and social context in which the prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel
worked and explain the distinctive features of each prophet’s message. Also compare their
vocation narratives (Isa 6:1-13; Jer 1:4-10; Ezek 1-3), noting the similarities and differences
between them.

Bibliography: BLENKINSOPP J., A History of Prophecy in Israel, Westminster-John Knox,
Louisville, KY 1983, 21996; tr. fr.: Une histoire de la prophétie en Israël. Depuis le temps de
l’installation en Canaan jusqu’à la période hellénistique (LD 152), Cerf, Paris 1993; tr. it.:
Storia della profezia in Israele (Bilioteca biblica), Queriniana, Brescia 1997 ; MARCONCINI
B. et alii, Profeti e Apocalittici (Logos 3), Elledici, Leumann (TO) 1995, 22007; SICRE DIAZ
J.L., Profetismo en Israel. El profeta, los profetas, el mensaje, Verbo Divino, Estella (Navarra)
1992; tr. it.: Profetismo in Israele. Il profeta, i profeti, il messaggio, Borla, Roma 1995; tr.
port.: Profetismo em Israel. O profeta, os profetas, a mensagem, Vozes, Petrópolis, RJ 1996;
ed. spagnola aggiornata: Introducción al profetismo bíblico, Verbo Divino, Estella (Navarra)
2011.

8. One of the recurring themes in biblical prophecy is the criticism of social injustice. How is
this message conveyed? Which areas of social life does it address? Who are the key players?
Who are the victims? From this perspective, analyse the pericope of Amos 2:6–16.

Bibliography: BLENKINSOPP J., A History of Prophecy in Israel, Westminster-John Knox,
Louisville, KY 1983, 21996; tr. fr.: Une histoire de la prophétie en Israël. Depuis le temps de
l’installation en Canaan jusqu’à la période hellénistique (LD 152), Cerf, Paris 1993; tr. it.:
Storia della profezia in Israele (Bilioteca biblica), Queriniana, Brescia 1997 ; MARCONCINI
B. et alii, Profeti e Apocalittici (Logos 3), Elledici, Leumann (TO) 1995, 22007; SICRE DIAZ
J.L., Profetismo en Israel. El profeta, los profetas, el mensaje, Verbo Divino, Estella (Navarra)
1992; tr. it.: Profetismo in Israele. Il profeta, i profeti, il messaggio, Borla, Roma 1995; tr.
port.: Profetismo em Israel. O profeta, os profetas, a mensagem, Vozes, Petrópolis, RJ 1996;
ed. spagnola aggiornata: Introducción al profetismo bíblico, Verbo Divino, Estella (Navarra)
2011.

9. The Synoptic fact and the Synoptic Problem in history and in current exegetical approaches.
The history of the formation of the Gospel in contemporary research.

Bibliography: MASCILONGO P.- LANDI A., Tutto ciò che Gesù fece e insegnò. Introduzione
ai Vangeli sinottici e agli Atti degli Apostoli, Elledici, Torino 2021, 45-56; BROWN R.E., An
Introduction to the New Testament (The Anchor Bible Reference Library), Doubleday, New
York-London 1997, 107-115; TUCKETT C.M., «The Current State of the Synoptic Problem»,
in Foster P.- Gregory A. et alii (eds.), New Studies in the Synoptic Problem. Oxford
Conference, April 2008 (BETL 239), Peeters, Leuven 2011, 9-50; COULOT C., «Synoptique
(Le problème)», in Pirot L.- Robert A. (edd.), Dictionnaire de la Bible. Supplément, Paris
2005, III, 785-828.

10. The historical value of the Gospels according to Dei Verbum and in contemporary research.

Bibliography: MASCILONGO P.- LANDI A., Tutto ciò che Gesù fece e insegnò. Introduzione
ai Vangeli sinottici e agli Atti degli Apostoli, Elledici, Torino 2021, 32-44; GIENIUSZ A., «La
discussione attuale su Gesù storico. Problemi e criteri», in Biguzzi G.-Gronchi M. (eds.),
Discussione sul Gesù storico (Percorsi culturali), Urbaniana University Press, Città del
Vaticano 2009, 37-56; BROWN R.E., An Introduction to the New Testament (The Anchor Bible
Reference Library), Doubleday, New York-London 1997, 817-830; PUIG I TÀRRECH A., «La
recherche du Jésus historique», Biblica 81 (2000) 179-201.

11. Composition and Theology of one of the Synoptic Gospels or the Acts of the Apostles.

Bibliography: MASCILONGO P.- LANDI A., Tutto ciò che Gesù fece e insegnò. Introduzione
ai Vangeli sinottici e agli Atti degli Apostoli, Elledici, Torino 2021, pp. Mc: 65-72; 122-128;
Matt: 138-141; 207-213; Lc e Atti: 219-226; 291-292; 339-350; BROWN R.E., An Introduction
to the New Testament (The Anchor Bible Reference Library), Doubleday, New York –London
1997, 126-332; BASSIN F. -HORTON F. – KUEN A., Évangiles et Actes. Introduction au Nouveau
Testament, Emmaus, St-Legier 2021.

12. Historical origin, literary characteristics, structure, theology of the Gospel of John or
Revelation, with commentary on selected texts from one of the two books.

Bibliography: SCHREINER T.R., Revelation, Baker Academic, Grand Rapids (MI) 2023;
ZUMSTEIN J., L’évangile selon saint Jean, Labor et Fides, Genève 2007, 2014, voll. 1-2.

13. Historical origin, literary characteristics, structure, theology of the Letter to the Romans or
the First Letter to the Corinthians, with commentary on selected texts from one of the two
books.

Bibliography: BIANCHINI F., The Apostle Paul and His Letters. Introduction to the Corpus
Paulinum, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano 2021; SCHNELLE U., Apostle Paul.
His Life and Theology, Baker Academic, Grand Rapids (MI) 2005.

14. Biography of Paul and his apostolic journeys, his Jewish and Greco-Roman culture, relevant
themes of his theology, with commentary on selected texts from his letters.

Bibliography: BIANCHINI F., The Apostle Paul and His Letters. Introduction to the Corpus
Paulinum, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano 2021; SCHNELLE U., Apostle Paul.
His Life and Theology, Baker Academic, Grand Rapids, MI 2005.

15. The student sets out the content of the classical definitions of theology offered by St Augustine
and St Anselm. According to the former, theology is a twofold circular movement between
faith and reason. Indeed, he affirms the well-known adage that “credo ut intelligam et intelligo
ut credam”. For the second, there is a deeper interaction between faith and reason; to him we
owe the designation of theology as “fides quaerens intellectum”.

Bibliography: MATTEO A., Evviva la teologia. La scienza divina, San Paolo, Milano 2020;
CODA P., Teo-logia. La Parola di Dio nelle parole dell’uomo, Lateran University Press, Roma
2009; DULLES A., The assurance of things hoped for: a theology of Christian faith, Oxford
University Press, New York 1994; SESBOÜÉ B., Introduction à la théologie : histoire et
intelligence du dogme, Éditions Salvator, Paris 2017.

16. The student should demonstrate the relationship between Scripture and theology in light of
Dei Verbum 24: «Sacred theology rests on the written word of God, together with sacred
tradition, as its primary and perpetual foundation. By scrutinizing in the light of faith all truth
stored up in the mystery of Christ, theology is most powerfully strengthened and constantly
rejuvenated by that word. For the Sacred Scriptures contain the word of God and since they
are inspired, really are the word of God; and so the study of the sacred page is, as it were, the
soul of sacred theology».

Bibliography: MATTEO A., Evviva la teologia. La scienza divina, San Paolo, Milano 2020;
CODA P., Teo-logia. La Parola di Dio nelle parole dell’uomo, Lateran University Press, Roma
2009; DULLES A., The assurance of things hoped for: a theology of Christian faith, Oxford
University Press, New York 1994; SESBOÜÉ B., Introduction à la théologie : histoire et
intelligence du dogme, Éditions Salvator, Paris 2017.

17. The student should comment on the following text from Veritatis gaudium with special
reference to theology: «[Ecclesiastical studies] are called to be a sort of providential cultural
laboratory in which the Church carries out the performative interpretation of the reality
brought about by the Christ event and nourished by the gifts of wisdom and knowledge by
which the Holy Spirit enriches the People of God in manifold ways».

Bibliography: MATTEO A., Evviva la teologia. La scienza divina, San Paolo, Milano 2020;
CODA P., Teo-logia. La Parola di Dio nelle parole dell’uomo, Lateran University Press, Roma
2009; DULLES A., The assurance of things hoped for: a theology of Christian faith, Oxford
University Press, New York 1994; SESBOÜÉ B., Introduction à la théologie : histoire et
intelligence du dogme, Éditions Salvator, Paris 2017.

18. In light of Dei Verbum 2, the unsurpassable and foundational primacy of Revelation for
Christianity should be emphasized: «In His goodness and wisdom God chose to reveal
Himself and to make known to us the hidden purpose of His will (see Eph. 1:9) by which
through Christ, the Word made flesh, man might in the Holy Spirit have access to the Father
and come to share in the divine nature (see Eph. 2:18; 2 Peter 1:4)».

Bibliography: PIÉ-NINOT S., La teologia fondamentale, Queriniana, Brescia 2002; TONIOLO
A., Cristianesimo e verità. Corso di teologia fondamentale, Edizioni Messaggero, Padova
2013; DULLES A., The assurance of things hoped for: a theology of Christian faith, Oxford
University Press, New York 1994; SESBOÜÉ B., Introduction à la théologie : histoire et
intelligence du dogme, Éditions Salvator, Paris 2017.

19. The student should illustrate the theme of the credibility of Christian revelation in light of
what the Apostle Peter says in his first letter, chapter 3: «[…] worship the Lord, Christ, in your
hearts, always ready to answer anyone who asks you for the reason for the hope that is in you.
However, do this with gentleness and respect, with a clear conscience».

Bibliography: PIÉ-NINOT S., La teologia fondamentale, Queriniana, Brescia 2002; TONIOLO
A., Cristianesimo e verità. Corso di teologia fondamentale, Edizioni Messaggero, Padova
2013; DULLES A., The assurance of things hoped for: a theology of Christian faith, Oxford
University Press, New York 1994; SESBOÜÉ B., Introduction à la théologie : histoire et
intelligence du dogme, Éditions Salvator, Paris 2017.

20. The student should comment on the definition of faith proposed by Pope Francis in the
encyclical Lumen Fidei, 18: «This fullness which Jesus brings to faith has another decisive
aspect. In faith, Christ is not simply the one in whom we believe, the supreme manifestation
of God’s love; he is also the one with whom we are united precisely in order to believe. Faith
does not merely gaze at Jesus, but sees things as Jesus himself sees them, with his own eyes:
it is a participation in his way of seeing».

Bibliography: S. PIÉ-NINOT, La teologia fondamentale, Queriniana, Brescia 2002; A.
TONIOLO, Cristianesimo e verità. Corso di teologia fondamentale, Edizioni Messaggero,
Padova 2013; A. DULLES, The assurance of things hoped for: a theology of Christian
faith, Oxford University Press, New York 1994; B. SESBOÜÉ, Introduction à la théologie :
histoire et intelligence du dogme, Éditions Salvator, Paris 2017.

21. The salvific event of the Incarnation and of the Paschal Mystery of Jesus Christ Son of God
the Saviour; the essential elements of the Christological mystery in the dogmatic formulations
of the ancient councils.

Bibliography: GRILLMEIER A., Christ in Christian Tradition, 2 voll., Mowbray, London
1987; SESBOÜÉ B., Jésus-Christ l’unique médiateur. Essai sur la rédemption et le salut, 2
voll., Desclée, Paris 1988-1991; GRONCHI M., Jesus Christ, Urbaniana University Press, Città
del Vaticano 2013.

22. The motif of the incarnation in the main authors of medieval Latin Christology: Anselm of
Canterbury, Bonaventure of Bagnoregio, Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus.

Bibliography: GASPER G.E.M., Anselm of Canterbury and His Theological Inheritance,
Ashgate, Aldershot (UK) – Burlington (VT) 2004; SALAS V.JR., Thomas Aquinas on Christ’s
Esse. A Metaphysics of the Incarnation, in The Thomist 70 (2006) 577-603; MANZANO G., El
primado de Cristo en el orden de la redención. Perspective escotista, in Carthaginensia 22
(2006) 1-40; GRONCHI M., Jesus Christ, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano 2013.

23. The uniqueness and universality of Christ the Savior and religions: the development of the
Catholic magisterium from the Second Vatican Council to today.

Bibliography: GRONCHI M., Jesus Christ, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano
2013.

24. The Development of Contextual Christologies: Major Images of Christ in Latin American,
African, and Asian Theologies.

Bibliography: GRONCHI M., Jesus Christ, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano
2013.

25. «The economic Trinity is the immanent Trinity, and the immanent Trinity is the economic
Trinity». From this axiom one can see the continuity between the revelation of God in the
great theophanies of the Old Testament and the corresponding theophanies of the New
Testament. The different stages of revelation from the biblical datum allow us to see the
centrality of Jesus Christ as the culmination of the revelation of the Triune God.
This thesis calls for the systematic, chronological and theological development of the main
moments of salvation history as Trinitarian action.

Bibliography: CODA P., Dalla Trinità. L’avvento di Dio tra storia e profezia, Città Nuova,
Roma 2014; CODA P., From the Trinity: The Coming of God in Revelation and Theology, The
Catholic University Of America Press, Washington 2020; DANIÉLOU J., La Trinité et le
mystère de l’existence, Desclée de Brouwe, Paris 1992.

26. The revelation of God in the Bible is the basis of preaching for the conversion of all peoples
to the one, living and true God. The Church, since the day of Pentecost, has formulated the
faith in inculturated and acculturated terms. The first ecumenical Councils (Nicaea and
Constantinople, especially) dogmatically articulated this formulation in the form of a
profession of faith. This thesis calls for the systematic, orderly and theological formulation of
the main statements on the faith from the ecumenical councils, the main theologians in Church
history, and thinkers and philosophers in the history of thought in an articulate and detailed
form.

Bibliography: GRESHAKE G., Il Dio Unitrino. Teologia trinitaria (BTCon 111), Queriniana,
Brescia 2000; EMERY G., The Trinity: An Introduction to Catholic Doctrine on the Triune God
(Thomistic Ressourcement), Matthew Levering (Translator), Paperback 2011; EMERY G., La
Trinité, Paperback 2009.

27. This thesis aims to address selected themes of reflection on the Triune God as a synthesis of
the biblical datum and the ecclesial-theological-philosophical datum. Beginning with the
themes studied in fundamental theology, the question of God’s existence is explored
dogmatically, especially through the binomial faith-reason: the question of God’s being, the
properties of God’s being, the “ways” to arrive at the knowledge of God as formulated by St.
Thomas Aquinas and the subsequent reception up to contemporary philosophy. We reason
about the contemporary challenge, both cultural and preaching, especially in mission lands,
on the possibility of ‘saying’ something about the ineffable God. The aim is to formulate a
synthesis with a contemporary, dialogical and catechetical slant, which allows, today as
always, to preach the Triune God to all cultures and to all men and women of good will.

Bibliography: LADARIA L.F., Il Dio vivo e vero. Il mistero della Trinità, San Paolo, Cinisello
Balsamo 2012; EMERY G.-LEVERING M. (edd.), The Oxford Handbook of the Trinity, Oxford
Handbooks, Oxford 2014; COTTIER G., «Théologie trinitaire et Ecclésiologie», in Teologia
trinitaria contemporanea, vol. 2., Pontificia Academia Theologica PATH 1 (2023) 95-107.

28. The spread of Christianity and Christian witness: the theological significance of martyrdom,
monasticism, and Christian life.

Bibliography: BEATRICE P.F., Storia della chiesa antica. I primi sei secoli, Piemme, Casale
Monferrato 1991; CHADWICK H., The Church in Ancient Society. From Galilee to Gregory
the Great, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2001; MATTEI P., Le christianisme antique. De
Jésus à Constantin, Armand Colin, Paris 2008.

29. Jesus Christ, true man and true God, one person in two natures, as defined by the Councils of
Nicaea (325), Ephesus (431) and Chalcedon (451).

Bibliography: AMATO A., I quattro concili: le grandi controversie trinitarie e cristologiche,
in Dal Covolo E. (ed.), Storia della Teologia, vol. 1: Dalle origini a Bernardo di Chiaravalle,
Dehoniane, Roma 1995, 207-264; GRILLMEIER A., Christ in Сhristian Tradition: From the
Apostolic Age to Chalcedon (451), John Knox Press, Atlanta 1975; GRILLMEIER A., Le Christ
dans la tradition chrétienne, Cerf, Paris 1993.

30. The Church in its origin. The emergence of the term Ekklèsia, the people of Israel, the birth
of the Church, the institution. The unity of the Church as divine and human. After tracing the
richness of the term Ekklèsia in the biblical message and theology, illustrate the Church as
mystery in the light of the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lumen Gentium.

Bibliography: PHILIPS G., La Chiesa e il suo mistero nel Concilio Vaticano II. Storia, testo e
commento della Costituzione Lumen Gentium, Jaca Books, Milano 1975 (L’Eglise et son
mystère au II Concile du Vatican: Histoire, texte et commentaire de la constitution Lumen
gentium, Desclé 1967/1968); KASPER W., Chiesa Cattolica, Essenza-Realtà-Missione,
Queriniana, Brescia 2012 (tr. ingl.: ID., The Catholic Church: Nature, Reality and Mission,
Bloomsbury T&T Clark, London, New Delhi, New York 2015; tr. franc.: ID., Église
Catholique: son être, sa réalisation, sa mission, Éditions du Cerf, Paris 2014); SALDANHA
P.P., The Church. Mystery of Love and Communion, Urbaniana University Press, Città del
Vaticano 2014.

31. Church: Community, charisms and ministries. Communion as ecclesiological foundation.
Communities and charisms. Community and ministries. The Trinitarian Mystery of the
Church and ministries. Defining and presenting the common priesthood and ministerial
priesthood.

Bibliography: KASPER W., Chiesa Cattolica, Essenza-Realtà-Missione, Queriniana, Brescia
2012 (tr. ingl.: ID., The Catholic Church: Nature, Reality and Mission, Bloomsbury T&T
Clark, London, New Delhi, New York 2015; tr. franc.: ID., Église Catholique: son être, sa
réalisation, sa mission, Éditions du Cerf, Paris 2014); PIÉ-NINOT S., Ecclesiologia. La
sacramentalità della comunità cristiana, Queriniana, Brescia 2008; SALDANHA P.P., The
Church. Mystery of Love and Communion, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano
2014.

32. «For in the mystery of the Church, which is itself rightly called mother and virgin, the Blessed
Virgin stands out in eminent and singular fashion as exemplar both of virgin and mother».
(Lumen Gentium 63). Starting from chapter 8 of Lumen gentium, present, in summary, the
importance of discussing the doctrine concerning the Blessed Virgin Mary, framed within the
context of the Mystery of Christ and the Church.

Bibliography: GRESHAKE G., Maria-Ecclesia: prospettive di una teologia e una prassi
ecclesiale fondata in senso mariano, Queriniana, Brescia 2017; COGGI R., Trattato di
Mariologia. I misteri della fede in Maria, Edizioni Studio Domenicano, Bologna 2011;
LAURENTIN R., Court traité sur la Vierge Marie. La crise de l’après Concile et l’avenir de
Marie dans l’Église. Sixième édition refondue et mise à jour, Office d’édition Impression
librairie (ŒIL), Paris 2009 (trad. ingl.: ID., Short Treatise on the Virgin Mary, Catholic
University of America Press, 2022).

33. Maria Virgo. Mary’s virginity against her detractors. Virginitas in partu. Virginitas post
partum. Mary’s virginity in recent theology. Write a dissertation on Mary’s virginity in light
of biblical studies, tradition, and recent theological studies.

Bibliography: GRESHAKE G., Maria-Ecclesia: prospettive di una teologia e una prassi
ecclesiale fondata in senso mariano, Queriniana, Brescia 2017; LAURENTIN R., Court traité
sur la Vierge Marie. La crise de l’après Concile et l’avenir de Marie dans l’Église. Sixième
édition refondue et mise à jour, Office d’édition Impression librairie (ŒIL), Paris 2009 (trad.
ingl.: ID., Short Treatise on the Virgin Mary, Catholic University of America Press, 2022);
DE FIORES S., Maria sintesi di valori. Storia culturale della mariologia, San Paolo, Cinisello
Balsamo (MI) 2005.

34. The anthropological dimension in theology: biblical hermeneutics, theological-systematic
features, the pastoral dimension.

Bibliography: MORICONI B. (ed.), Antropologia cristiana. Bibbia, teologia, cultura, Città
Nuova, Roma 2001; WERBICK J., Una teologia in prospettiva antropologica, Queriniana,
Brescia 2025; O’DONNELL GANDOLFO E., The Power and Vulnerability of Love: A
Theological Anthropology, Augsburg Fortress Press, Augsburg 2015.

35. Theological reflection on creation: the faith of Israel and the early Christian community, the
salient points of doctrinal development and theological-systematic features.

Bibliography: GANOCZY A., Une theologie trinitaire de la creation, Cerf, Paris 2003; KEHL
M., “E Dio vide che era cosa buona”. Una teologia della creazione, Queriniana, Brescia
2009; BOUREUX C., Dio è anche giardiniere. La Creazione come ecologia compiuta,
Queriniana, Brescia 2016.

36. Original sin in the faith of the Church and Christian theology of grace: historical and
theological development, its hermeneutics in contemporary theology.

Bibliography: NOWSAH J.M.C., Original sin in dialogue: A.-M. Dubarle, P. Grelot, P.
Schoonenberg and Flick-Alszeghy: as representatives of a much discussed question, Rome
1990; LADARIA L.F., Mystère de Dieu, mystère de l’homme, vol. 2, Anthropologie
théologique, Parole et Silence, Paris 2011; ANCONA G., Antropologia teologica. Temi
fondamentali, Queriniana, Brescia 2014.

37. Christian eschatology: historical and theological elements and development of fundamental
themes.

Bibliography: RAHNER J., Introduzione all’escatologia cristiana, Queriniana, Brescia 2018;
MOLTMANN J., Teologia della speranza. Ricerche sui fondamenti e sulle implicazioni di una
escatologia cristiana, Queriniana, Brescia 20179; ANCONA G., Escatologia Cristiana,
Queriniana, Brescia 20133.

38. Beginning with the Liturgical Constitution Sacrosanctum concilium (04-12-1963) of the
Second Vatican Council and the Apostolic Letter Desiderio desideravi (29-06-2022) of Pope
Francis, develop the theme of the Liturgy as a celebration of the Paschal Mystery of Christ,
also highlighting the structure and dimensions that qualify a liturgical celebration.

Bibliography: SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL, Liturgical Constitution Sacrosanctum concilium
(4 December 1963); FRANCIS, Apostolic Letter Desiderio desideravi (29 June 2022); MURONI
P.A., Il Mistero di Cristo nel tempo e nello spazio. La celebrazione cristiana, Urbaniana
University Press, Città del Vaticano 2014 [tr. ingl. The Mystery of Christ in Time and Space.
The Christian Celebration, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano 2020];
CHUPUNGCO A. (ed.), Handbook for liturgical studies, 5 voll., Liturgical Press, Collegeville
1997-2000.

39. The relationship between the Liturgy and time, with particular reference to the celebration of
the Liturgical Year and the Liturgy of the Hours.

Bibliography: MURONI P.A., Il Mistero di Cristo nel tempo e nello spazio. La celebrazione
cristiana, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano 2014 [tr. ingl.. The Mystery of Christ
in Time and Space. The Christian Celebration, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano
2020]; CHUPUNGCO A. (ed.), Handbook for liturgical studies, 5 voll., Liturgical Press,
Collegeville 1997-2000.

40. Starting from the sources of sacramental theology, retrace the historical evolution of the
sacraments in general and, in particular, those of Christian Initiation (apostolic age/after the
peace of the Church – 4th-5th centuries), also considering the consequent ‘canonisation’ of
the septennial number of sacraments. Particular emphasis should be placed on the theological
debate concerning the Author of the sacraments and, for each of them, in addition to the
definition and effects, the “matter and form” and “signs and rites” should be discussed, as
well as the principles governing their validity. The ordinary minister and the qualities required
for the validity and licitness of the sacraments are indicated.

Bibliography: COLOMBO G., Teologia sacramentaria, Glossa, Milano 1997; ROSATO P.J.,
Introduzione alla teologia dei sacramenti, Piemme, Torino 1994; MAZZANTI G., I Sacramenti.
Simbolo e teologia, EDB, Bologna 1997; BERKOUWER G.C., The Sacraments, Kampen 1981;
MARTOS J., Door to the Sacred. A Historical Introduction to Sacraments in the Christian
Church, Liguori Publications, London 1981; BORDEYNE PH.-MORILL B., Les sacrements
révélation de l’humanité de Dieu, Cerf, Paris 2008.

41. Baptism, Confirmation and Eucharist are defined as the sacraments of Christian Initiation.
The student should present the theology of these sacraments from their celebration and their
intrinsic relationship that characterizes their unity.

Bibliography: MURONI P.A., L’ordine dei sacramenti dell’iniziazione cristiana. La storia e
la teologia dal XIV secolo al 1992 nel rito romano (Bibliotheca “Ephemerides Liturgicae”.
“Subsidia” 141, CLV-Edizioni Liturgiche, Roma 2007; MURONI P.A., Iniziazione cristiana
(Le parole della fede. Nuova serie), Cittadella Editrice, Assisi 2020; JOHNSON M.E., The Rites
of Christian Initiation: Their Evolution and Interpretation, Liturgical Press, Collegeville (MI)
2007.

42. Anthropology, Ethics, and Moral Theology. The human being, a creature constitutively
relational, indigent, and vulnerable. Moral experience: from self-conscience to moral
conscience. Intersubjectivity as a morality originating space. Adhesion of faith as an event of
conscience. The moral experience lived in faith. Analysis of the determining Exodus-Sinai
event and radicality of encounter with Jesus Christ. Moral theology as a vocation in Christ ‘to
bear fruit in charity for the life of the world’ (OT 16).

Bibliography: ZUCCARO C., Teologia morale fondamentale, Queriniana, Brescia 2013 [trad.
ingl.: Fundamental Moral Theology, Urbaniana University Press, Città del Vaticano 2015];
BASTIANEL S., Coscienza, onestà, fede cristiana. Corso fondamentale di etica teologica, a
cura di Abignente D., Il Pozzo di Giacobbe, Trapani 2018; CHIAVACCI E., Teologia morale
fondamentale, Cittadella, Assisi 2007.

43. The Moral Conscience: the Unity of Freedom, Awareness, and Responsibility. The Christian
moral conscience: interpreting Gaudium et Spes 16. Moral conscience and norm: the
reciprocal nature of the relationship. Personal morality: the relationship between a person and
their actions; the concepts of rightness (correctness) and moral goodness; dynamic interiority
in the context of the fundamental option. The experience of failure (malum physicum, malum
morale; sin and sinfulness). Continuous conversion as a moral life lived in faith in Jesus
Christ.

Bibliography: ZUCCARO C., Le dinamiche del discernimento. Verso la soluzione dei conflitti
morali, Queriniana, Brescia 2022; DEMMER K., Fondamenti di etica teologica, Cittadella,
Assisi 2004; BALCIUS V., L’agire. Tra virtù e opzione fondamentale, Urbaniana University
Press, Città del Vaticano 2016.

44. The Axiology of Human Life. Physical life versus personal life. The original meaning of the
Fifth Commandment and how understanding of the correct relationship to life has changed
over time. Responsibility for human life at the initial stage: the value of the human embryo;
abortion (definition, classification and evaluation; Catholic moral argumentation); medically
assisted fertilisation argumentation). 

Bibliography: RUSSO G., Bioetica: manuale per teologi, LAS, Roma 2005; CAHILL L.S.,
Theological Bioethics: Participation, Justice, and Change, Georgetown University Press,
Washington D.C. 2005; NIESSEN F.-DE DINECHIN O., Repères chrétiens en bioéthique. La vie
humaine, du debut a la fin, Salvator, Paris 2015.

45. Marriage: Its Anthropological, Ethical, and Theological Foundations. The human being as a
constitutively relational and sexual creature. The anthropology of authentic heterosexual
encounters: characteristics and requirements. Marriage as a life choice: its theological and
ethical-anthropological foundations and the reinterpretation of the meaning of traditional
characteristics (monogamy, heterosexuality, and indissolubility). Responsible parenthood:
ways of living it and the moral evaluation of its methods.

Bibliography: FUMAGALLI A., Amore sessuale. Fondamenti e criteri teologico-morali,
Queriniana, Brescia 2017; FASTIGGI R., Catholic Sexual Morality, Wipf and Stock, Eugene
(Oregon, USA) 2018; LACOIX X., Le corps de chair: les dimensions éthique, esthétique et
spirituelle de l’amour, Cerf, Paris 2001.

46. Relationship between CSD and Social Morality. CST is the formulation of the results of a
reflection on the realities of human existence in the light of faith. Its purpose is to interpret
these realities to guide Christian behaviour. It therefore belongs to theology and especially to
moral theology. (See SRS 41). Starting from this statement, the student should demonstrate
knowledge of some of the themes addressed by CST and Social Morality, such as work, the
environment and the economy.

Bibliography: Testi della Dottrina Sociale della Chiesa: dalla Rerum Novarum alla Fratelli
Tutti; PIANA G., In novità di vita. Morale socioeconomica e politica, vol. 3, Cittadella, Assisi
2013.

47. ‘Justice and Peace Will Kiss’. Peace is not the simple absence of war, nor can it be reduced
to a balance of power; it is not the effect of domination but is precisely defined by justice.
(See GS 78). Starting from this definition, the student should demonstrate knowledge of the
biblical meaning of the terms shalom and eirene, the importance of respect for Human Rights
and the path that led theology and the CST from the doctrine of “just war” to “just defense”.

Bibliography: BRESCIANI C.-EUSEBI L. (eds.), Ha ancora senso parlare di guerra giusta?,
Dehoniane, Bologna 2010; CHIAVACCI E., Teologia morale 3/2, Cittadella Editrice, Assisi
2008.